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The 1994 Pacific hurricane season was the final season of the eastern north Pacific's most recent active string of hurricane seasons that unofficially started in 1981. The season officially started on May 15, 1994 in the eastern Pacific, and on June 1, 1994 in the central Pacific, and lasted until November 30, 1994. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. The first tropical cyclone formed on June 18, while the last system dissipated on October 26. This season, twenty-two tropical cyclones formed in the north Pacific Ocean east of the dateline, with all but two becoming tropical storms or hurricanes. A total of 10 hurricanes occurred, including five major hurricanes. Of note in this season is an unusual spree of very intense storms. Hurricanes Emilia, Gilma, John, and Olivia all reached a pressure below 930 millibars. Longevity-wise, no tropical cyclone of any basin had previously persisted for as long as Hurricane John, which lasted 31 days. Elsewhere, Hurricane Rosa caused four casualties in Mexico as the basin's lone landfalling tropical storm or hurricane, and later was responsible for flooding in Texas. ==Season summary== This season, twenty-two tropical cyclones formed in the north Pacific Ocean east of the dateline. All but two of them became tropical storms or hurricanes. In the Eastern Pacific region (140°W to North America), nineteen tropical depressions formed, of which seventeen became tropical storms, nine further intensifying into hurricanes, and five ultimately reaching major hurricanes of Category 3 intensity or higher on the Saffir Simpson Scale.〔 These numbers are slightly above the long-term averages of fifteen tropical storms, nine hurricanes, and four major hurricanes. In the Central Pacific Hurricane Center's area of responsibility (140°W to the International Date Line), three depressions, two tropical storms, and one hurricane formed. Overall, there were eleven tropical cyclones, eight tropical storms, five hurricanes, and three major hurricanes that formed or entered the Central Pacific region. These numbers are well above the long-term average of four tropical cyclones, two hurricanes, one tropical storm, and two depressions. The exceptionally high activity was contributed to by an El Niño ongoing at the time. The only named storm to make landfall this year was Hurricane Rosa,〔 which killed four people in Western Mexico and forced over 400 to be evacuated. Other notable storms include Hurricane Olivia, a high-end Category 4 system,〔 the three Category 5 hurricanes Emilia, Gilma, and John. Both John and Hurricane Li existed in two of the three basins (East, and West) of the Pacific Ocean.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The 1994 Central Pacific Tropical Cyclone Season )〕 This season marked the end of the Northeastern Pacific's most recent active period, which began in 1982,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary April 2004 )〕 and includes the five most active Pacific hurricane seasons.〔〔 Beginning in 1995, multi-decadal factors switched to a phase that suppresses Pacific hurricane activity. Since then, Pacific hurricane seasons have generally been below normal; the lone abnormally active season since then was in 1997, where a strong El Nino event was observed.〔 The 1994 Pacific hurricane season set several records. First, three hurricanes reached Category 5 intensity on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale,〔 setting a record later tied in 2002.〔 Hurricane John lasted longer and spent more time tropical than any other tropical cyclone on Earth in recorded history. Eleven tropical cyclones entered or formed in the central Pacific, a record shared with the 1992 season until the 2015 season broke the record.〔 Finally, of the four most intense hurricanes recorded in the Central Pacific, three of them occurred this season.〔 ImageSize = width:800 height:210 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:80 right:20 left:20 Legend = columns:3 left:30 top:58 columnwidth:270 AlignBars = early DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/06/1994 till:01/12/1994 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMinor = grid:black unit:month increment:1 start:01/06/1994 Colors = id:canvas value:gray(0.88) id:GP value:red id:TD value:rgb(0.38,0.73,1) legend:Tropical_Depression_=_<39_mph_(0-62_km/h) id:TS value:rgb(0,0.98,0.96) legend:Tropical_Storm_=_39-73_mph_(63-117 km/h) id:C1 value:rgb(1,1,0.80) legend:Category_1_=_74-95_mph_(119-153_km/h) id:C2 value:rgb(1,0.91,0.46) legend:Category_2_=_96-110_mph_(154-177_km/h) id:C3 value:rgb(1,0.76,0.25) legend:Category_3_=_111-130_mph_(178-209-km/h) id:C4 value:rgb(1,0.56,0.13) legend:Category_4_=_131-155_mph_(210-249_km/h) id:C5 value:rgb(1,0.38,0.38) legend:Category_5_=_>=156_mph_(>=250_km/h) Backgroundcolors = canvas:canvas BarData = barset:Hurricane bar:Month PlotData= barset:Hurricane width:10 align:left fontsize:S shift:(4,-4) anchor:till from:18/06/1994 till:23/06/1994 color:TS text:"Aletta" from:27/06/1994 till:29/06/1994 color:TS text:"Bud" from:28/06/1994 till:05/07/1994 color:C2 text:"Carlotta" from:08/07/1994 till:14/07/1994 color:TS text:"Daniel" from:16/07/1994 till:25/07/1994 color:C5 text:"Emilia" from:19/07/1994 till:24/07/1994 color:TS text:"Fabio" from:21/07/1994 till:31/07/1994 color:C5 text:"Gilma" from:31/07/1994 till:12/08/1994 color:C1 text:"Li" barset:break from:07/08/1994 till:10/08/1994 color:TS text:"Hector" from:09/08/1994 till:14/08/1994 color:TD text:"One-C" from:10/08/1994 till:14/08/1994 color:C1 text:"Ileana" from:11/08/1994 till:28/08/1994 color:C5 text: barset:break barset:skip barset:skip barset:skip from:08/09/1994 till:10/09/1994 color:C1 text:"John" from:12/08/1994 till:15/08/1994 color:TD text:"Twelve-E" from:28/08/1994 till:05/09/1994 color:C2 text:"Kristy" from:03/09/1994 till:10/09/1994 color:C4 text:"Lane" from:06/09/1994 till:09/09/1994 color:TS text:"Mele" barset:break from:15/09/1994 till:21/09/1994 color:TS text:"Miriam" from:22/09/1994 till:29/09/1994 color:TS text:"Norman" from:22/09/1994 till:30/09/1994 color:C4 text:"Olivia" from:24/09/1994 till:30/09/1994 color:TS text:"Paul" from:08/10/1994 till:15/10/1994 color:C2 text:"Rosa" from:21/10/1994 till:26/10/1994 color:TS text:"Nona" barset:skip bar:Month width:7 align:center fontsize:S shift:(0,-20) anchor:middle color:canvas from:01/06/1994 till:01/07/1994 text:June from:01/07/1994 till:01/08/1994 text:July from:01/08/1994 till:01/09/1994 text:August from:01/09/1994 till:01/10/1994 text:September from:01/10/1994 till:01/11/1994 text:October from:01/11/1994 till:01/12/1994 text:November TextData = pos:(570,30) text:"(From the" pos:(617,30) text:"Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale)" The season began with the formation of Tropical Depression One-E on June 18 and ended with the dissipation of Tropical Depression Nona on October 26.〔 No named systems formed in May, three in June, four in July, five in August, six in September, two in October, and none in November.〔 The total length of the season, from the formation of the first depression to the dissipation of the last, was 130 days. Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) is a measure of how active a hurricane season is. It is calculated by squaring the windspeed of a cyclone with at least tropical storm-force winds every six hours, summing the results, and dividing that total by 104. As a tropical cyclone does not have gale-force winds until it becomes a tropical storm, tropical depressions are not included in these tables. For all storms, ACE is given to three significant figures. The ACE in the east Pacific proper (140°W to North America) is given; the ACE in the central Pacific (the International Date Line to 140°W) is given in brackets. The table includes the ACE for Li and John only during those storm's time east of the dateline. Their ACE west of the dateline is part of the totals of the 1994 typhoon season. The National Hurricane Center uses ACE to rank hurricane seasons as above-normal, near-normal, and below-normal. It defines below-normal as having an ACE less than 95 *104 kt2 kt2; It defines above normal as having an ACE above 150 *104 kt2 along with the numbers of any two of the following above average: tropical storms (15), hurricanes (9), or major hurricanes (4); It defines near-normal as having an ACE between 100 *104 kt2 and 150 *104 kt2, or an ACE above 150 *104 kt2 with fewer than two of the numbers of the following above average: tropical storms (15), hurricanes (9), or major hurricanes (4).〔 This season has a total of seventeen tropical storms, nine hurricanes, and five major hurricanes. The total ACE of this season is 185 *104 kt2. This qualifies this season as above-normal.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「1994 Pacific hurricane season」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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